Mirror neurons and microRNA: theory vs biological facts
(click to enlarge)
Mirror neurons through the lens of epigenetics to be published in Trends in Cognitive Sciences Volume 17, Issue 9, September 2013, Pages 450–457. epub on 14 August 2013
Abstract excerpt: … we propose a new evolutionary developmental biology (evo-devo) perspective, which predicts that environmental differences early in development should produce variations in mirror neuron response patterns, tuning them to the social environment.
See Figure 1:
Excerpt: “…the early social experience produces modifications in gene expression through epigenetic marks, such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and micro-RNA production.”
Excerpt 2: “The end result of these epigenetic modifications is the facilitation during the perinatal period, through yet unknown cellular and molecular modifications, of the canalization in the construction of the underlying neuronal circuits and the related developmental trajectories. Thus, the brain on the right would be, at birth, better tuned to respond to a set of social stimuli (e.g., facial expressions).”
See Figure 2:
Excerpt: “A consequence of these changes is that mirror neurons will be produced that, in different individuals, might result in differential responses (here represented in terms of frequency of neuronal discharge) to the same set of visual stimuli (right hand side).”
My comment:
The authors eloquently but errantly allude to unknown cellular and molecular modifications, which are commonly known to occur in species from microbes to man when individuals are exposed to olfactory/pheromonal input but not visual stimuli. Confusion about the epigenetic effects of olfactory/pheromonal input on de novo creation of olfactory receptors is probably one of the important things to be considered in the context of associative learning (e.g. Rescorla–Wagner model or Hebbian) in the context of MNS development.
In vertebrates and invertebrates, these associations are obviously made via epigenetic effects of olfactory/pheromonal input on hormone-organized and hormone-activated behaviors. That’s probably why attempts to determine cause and effect in the context of MNS development have failed miserably. There is, for example, no comparable model for the direct effect of visual input on genes in hormone-secreting nerve cells of brain tissue that might enable findings from studies of visual input to be meaningfully interpreted.
Findings that can be meaningfully interpreted in the context of a model for development of the MNS are found in the extant literature (see for example Sex Differences and the FDA Critical Path Initiative. That ‘model’ incorporates the obvious fact that nutrition is the first requirement for life, and the fact that gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) -controlled reproduction is required for survival of the species. For example, we can ‘see’ how food odors and pheromones epigenetically effect the GnRH neuronal system of vertebrates, which integrates the effects of sensory input on all other neuronal systems. And we can compare those epigenetic effects in the well-established context of hormone-organized and hormone-activated invertebrate behavior.
Invertebrate behavior is more clearly “driven” by pheromones and by odors. Vertebrate behavior is clearly driven by food odors, but in some vertebrates the role of pheromones is less clear — except when the conserved molecular mechanisms in species from microbes to man are examined for similarities. What is then revealed is nutrient-dependent pheromone-controlled adaptive evolution via ecological,social, neurogenic, and socio-cognitive niche construction exemplified in this model.
Thus, “…the epigenetic ‘tweaking’ of the immense gene networks that occurs via exposure to nutrient chemicals and pheromones can now be modeled in the context of the microRNA/messenger RNA balance, receptor-mediated intracellular signaling, and the stochastic gene expression required for nutrient-dependent pheromone-controlled adaptive evolution. ” — Kohl (2013)
In the context of microRNA production and modifications in gene expression through epigenetic marks, such as DNA methylation, and histone modifications, what’s left is to look at the fine tuning of neuronal system development that facilitates MNS development in humans infant who respond with sex differences to other sensory input associated with food odors and pheromones coming from the mother. See for example: Exploring the Biological Contributions to Human Health: Does Sex Matter?
“Within a few minutes after birth, the concentration of LH in serum increases abruptly (about 10-fold) in the peripheral blood of the male newborn but not in that of the female newborn. This short-lived surge in LH release is followed by an increase in the serum testosterone level during the first 3 hours that persists for 12 hours or more. In the female neonate, LH levels do not increase, and FSH levels in both males and females are low in the first few days of neonatal life. After the fall in circulating placental steroid levels, especially estrogens, during the first few days after birth, serum FSH and LH levels increase and exhibit a pulsatile pattern with wide perturbations for several months. The FSH pulse amplitude is greater in female infants, and the FSH response to hypothalamic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) or gonadotropin-releasing hormone is higher in females than males throughout childhood; LH pulses are higher in males. A sex difference in plasma FSH and LH values is also present in anorchid boys and agonadal girls less than three years old.
The high gonadotropin concentrations in infancy are associated with a transient second wave of differentiation of fetal-type Leydig cells and increased serum testosterone levels in male infants for the first 6 months or so and with elevated estradiol levels intermittently in the first 1 to 2 years of life in females. The mean FSH level is higher in females than males during the first few years of life. By approximately 6 to 8 months of age in the male and 2 to 3 years of age in the female, plasma gonadotropin levels decrease to low values until the onset of puberty. Thus, the restraint of the hypothalamic LHRH pulse generator and the suppression of pulsatile LHRH secretion (and thus FSH and LH release) attain the prepubertal level of quiescence in late infancy or early childhood and earlier in boys than in girls (for reviews see Grumbach and Styne [1998] and Grumbach and Gluckman [1994]).”
In this series of events that enable postnatal sexual differentiation of the brain and behavior, the mother’s face need not be recognized by congenitally blind infants or children with autism spectrum disorder anymore than the face of another animal would need to be recognized to ensure its nutrient-dependent survival. Human infants need only somehow respond hormonally to olfactory/pheromonal input, and the development of the brain and behavior will proceed, which includes abnormal development of the MNS in sighted male infants more often than in sighted female infants. It is a mistake, however, to think that visual input is driving the development of the MNS, and especially in the context of sex differences. There’s no model for that!
Therefore, it is a mistake to think “… mirror neurons will be produced that, in different individuals, might result in differential responses (here represented in terms of frequency of neuronal discharge) to the same set of visual stimuli (right hand side).” — unless the association is first made with olfactory/pheromonal input, hormone-organization, and hormone-activation of behavior.
See also from the same issue: The chemical bases of human sociality Pages 427-429 Gün R. Semin, Jasper H.B. de Groot and see Human pheromones: integrating neuroendocrinology and ethology (2001)
Previous blog post on mirror neurons: Timing is key in the proper wiring of the brain: study
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6 MIN READ
0
A million dollar paradox?
2 MIN READ
0
A two-faced protein enables RNA-mediated DNA repair (4)
6 MIN READ
0
A two-faced protein enables RNA-mediated DNA repair (5)
4 MIN READ
0
A two-faced protein enables RNA-mediated DNA repair (3)
8 MIN READ
0
Teaching the biologically uninformed
3 MIN READ
0
Innovative Neurotechnologies Link Sunlight to Precision Medicine
4 MIN READ
0
Hydrogen-Atom Transfer in DNA Base Pairs
9 MIN READ
0
Neo-Darwinism vs the neocortex
4 MIN READ
0
A two-faced protein enables RNA-mediated DNA repair
2 MIN READ
0
Plasma created by sunlight and RNA–mediated epigenetic heredity
2 MIN READ
0
Positive feedback loops and epigenetic traps
2 MIN READ
0
Behavioral Immune System model
4 MIN READ
0
Stress-perturbed mitochondrial dysfunction
4 MIN READ
0
Understanding cell type differentiation
3 MIN READ
0
Let there be anti-entropic light (3)
6 MIN READ
0
Theorists can’t understand biology
6 MIN READ
0
Neuroplasticity
4 MIN READ
0
Sensationalizing no new mechanism
2 MIN READ
0
Cell type differentiation: atoms to ecosystems
2 MIN READ
0
Too complex for the Complex Biological Systems Alliance
4 MIN READ
0
Receptor methylation controls behavior
2 MIN READ
0
Rediscovering quantum behavior
2 MIN READ
0
From dust to genomic entropy?
3 MIN READ
0
Virus, transposon and plasmid evolution
< 1 MIN READ
0
Models are not theories (2)
2 MIN READ
0
Models are not theories (1)
2 MIN READ
0
Fossils vs cell types and the brain
3 MIN READ
0
Can veterans and other prisoners escape pseudoscience?
2 MIN READ
0
eQTLs and ecological adaptation
< 1 MIN READ
0
RNA central and RNA-mediated.com
6 MIN READ
0
Ecological speciation. Get it, theorists?
< 1 MIN READ
0
Designing, engineering, and protecting biodiversity
3 MIN READ
0
The virome, microbiome, replisome and supercoiled DNA
2 MIN READ
0
Skip the politics; embrace the facts
5 MIN READ
0
Controled Stem Cell Expansion
3 MIN READ
0
Neo-Darwinian logic is nonsense
3 MIN READ
0
FREE* SAMPLE: Histone modification
4 MIN READ
0
700 million years of evolution?
5 MIN READ
0
Biophysically constrained or unconstrained?
2 MIN READ
0
Mutated mitochondrial genes vs Supercoiled DNA
2 MIN READ
0
RNA-mediated retrotransposon-mediated biodiversity
3 MIN READ
0
Mystery machine vs model (2)
2 MIN READ
0
Mystery machine vs model
2 MIN READ
0
Mystery machine vs medical intelligence
2 MIN READ
0
Xist-ing on planet Earth
2 MIN READ
0
The Current State of Neuroscience
3 MIN READ
0
Cancer: forward and reverse
2 MIN READ
0
Energy and evolution: another opinion?
2 MIN READ
0
Bird watchers and RNAs in cancers
2 MIN READ
0
Supercoiled DNA constrains virus-driven genomic entropy
2 MIN READ
0
Let there be anti-entropic light (2)
4 MIN READ
0
Foundamentals of theory
4 MIN READ
0
Microbes to humans 2015 Nobel Prize
2 MIN READ
0
Is mainstream science in “Science” pseudoscience?
5 MIN READ
0
Mechanisms of stress: from genes to cancer
9 MIN READ
0
Viruses come alive: Tree of life pseudoscience
6 MIN READ
0
Theorists have not seen the light (2)
3 MIN READ
0
Hijacked light energy and vertebrate pathology
4 MIN READ
0
Theorists have not seen the light
4 MIN READ
0
A 5-10K comparison of design principles to evolution
3 MIN READ
0
Alternative pre-mRNA splicing and ecological adaptation
7 MIN READ
0
Nucleic acids: Stability of DNA/RNA
2 MIN READ
0
Exosomes and the RNA-mediated future of medicine (3)
2 MIN READ
0
Exosomes and the RNA-mediated future of medicine (2)
< 1 MIN READ
0
Exosomes and the RNA-mediated future of medicine
5 MIN READ
0
Multi-omic analysis features (SNPs, miRNA)
3 MIN READ
0
Anti-entropic effects on the origin of life
< 1 MIN READ
0
Somatic hypermutation vs RNA-mediated events
2 MIN READ
0
From fertilization to RNA-mediated events and back
2 MIN READ
0
Phytochemical link from the sun to cell types
2 MIN READ
0
Metabolic competition and cancer
2 MIN READ
0
Natural selection: an anti-entropic force?
2 MIN READ
0
Genome sequencing, cadherins, and quantum consciousness
6 MIN READ
0
“New” quantum biology. Pirating the old
3 MIN READ
0
Creating genes and species
3 MIN READ
0
Cell types, SNVs, CNVs, and chromosomes
3 MIN READ
0
A “new” code enables ecological adaptation
4 MIN READ
0
Thermotolerance and Longevity
57 MIN READ
0
Is life the balance between quantum and classical physics?
3 MIN READ
0
Anti-entropic containment of energy: symbiosis 1.0
5 MIN READ
0
RNA-mediated X chromosome inactivation
3 MIN READ
0
The “great filter” is an epigenetic trap
4 MIN READ
0
Atomic-resolution of cell type signaling
4 MIN READ
0
Information and communication (2)
6 MIN READ
0
Unraveling evolutionary pseudoscience
2 MIN READ
0
Eibi Nevo gets it wrong
3 MIN READ
0
Rs3827760 is Val370Ala and EDARV370A
3 MIN READ
0
From “Blood Music” to Evolution 2.0
5 MIN READ
0
Olfaction & the octopus and human genomes (2)
4 MIN READ
0
Olfaction & the octopus and human genomes
3 MIN READ
0
Protosuns, prebiotic molecules, proteins, and people
4 MIN READ
0
Mammalian-wide interspersed repeats (MIRs)
2 MIN READ
0
Ecological speciation vs revised evolutionary syntheses
6 MIN READ
0
Ecology replaces the extended evolutionary synthesis
4 MIN READ
0
The stability of organized genomes (4)
3 MIN READ
0
The stability of organized genomes (3)
3 MIN READ
0
The stability of organized genomes (2)
5 MIN READ
0
Epimutation.com: a domain of confusion
8 MIN READ
0
Light -induced nucleic acid-mediated gene duplication?
< 1 MIN READ
0
Is the best Chinese research from China?
3 MIN READ
0
The stability of organized genomes
5 MIN READ
0
Viruses, amino acids, and somatic cell types (3)
9 MIN READ
0
Viruses, amino acids, and somatic cell types (2)
5 MIN READ
0
Big Bang Cosmology vs Reality
< 1 MIN READ
0
RNA-mediated terms of virus-induced en-deer-ment
2 MIN READ
0
Domestication via a single amino acid substitution
2 MIN READ
0
Hematopoiesis and practopoiesis
4 MIN READ
0
RNA-mediated morphological AND behavioral phenotypes
2 MIN READ
0
Becoming biologically informed (3)
3 MIN READ
0
Easy editing: Reinventing our RNA world
3 MIN READ
0
Is photic-zone ribosomal diversity linked to all biodiversity?
2 MIN READ
0
Picornaviruses moving between primates (or not)
2 MIN READ
0
Riding the wrong direction
3 MIN READ
0
Decreased phenotypic variation: Faith in Facts
7 MIN READ
1
Faithfully repaired DNA
5 MIN READ
0
RNA-mediated gene duplication, fixation, and ecological adaptation
6 MIN READ
0
MicroRNA controlled growth and brain development
7 MIN READ
0
MicroRNA – controlled ecological adaptations
5 MIN READ
0
Celebrating independence from ridiculous theories
3 MIN READ
0
Experimental evidence vs evolutionary theory
4 MIN READ
0
“New” epigenetic mechanism for lifelong learning?
3 MIN READ
0
The sum of our RNA-mediated parts
2 MIN READ
0
Protein folding and Google page rank
2 MIN READ
0
Unconscious affect (revisited)
2 MIN READ
0
Iron, ferritin, thyroxine
2 MIN READ
0
“Evolution” of sex differences?
2 MIN READ
0
Nutrient stress-induced RNA-mediated pathology
< 1 MIN READ
0
Amino acid substitutions are not mutations
2 MIN READ
0
RNA-mediated events from A to Z
2 MIN READ
0
What I cannot create I eliminate from discussion
3 MIN READ
0
RNA-mediated development
2 MIN READ
0
Creating and maintaining the human virome
2 MIN READ
0
Healthy mutants
2 MIN READ
0
Uniquely epigenomic gene regulation
2 MIN READ
0
MicroRNAs and inappropriate functions
2 MIN READ
0
Rejecting pseudoscientific nonsense
6 MIN READ
1
Living the life that randomness created? (Sarcasm alert)
3 MIN READ
0
30 years of theoretical nonsense
3 MIN READ
0
microRNAs, glycosylation, and genomes
4 MIN READ
0
Unknown mechanisms and conclusions
2 MIN READ
0
Alternative splicings: epigenetics meets pharmacogenomics
4 MIN READ
0
Epigenetic regulation of aging by glycine and GnRH
5 MIN READ
0
Physicians who practice evolutionary medicine?
3 MIN READ
0
Pattern recognition: biogeochemical structure and function
5 MIN READ
0
Viruses and the human-like microbiome
3 MIN READ
0
Informing the biologically uninformed
< 1 MIN READ
0
Tweaking the story to fit the theory
5 MIN READ
0
Appetite for ingesting theories (raw)
< 1 MIN READ
0
I forgot. How do mutations cause evolution?
4 MIN READ
0
One amino acid substitution, genes, and brain activity
3 MIN READ
0
Batch effect vs epigenetic effects
3 MIN READ
0
Gene expression, immortality, and cancer
6 MIN READ
0
Missing a fact: microRNAs are genomic biomarkers
4 MIN READ
1
Bee-birthed epigenetics and primate cell types
5 MIN READ
0
A lighting requirement for life
11 MIN READ
3
Scientists lose. A sci-fi author gains credibility
2 MIN READ
0
Vitamin B3 and DNA repair
4 MIN READ
0
Bees and primates automagically evolve
3 MIN READ
0
Ignoring systems complexity (it’s too complicated)
3 MIN READ
0
Five years of Ferguson
2 MIN READ
0
Computing via phosphorylation and fixation
3 MIN READ
0
Virus-driven cancer treatment and prevention
2 MIN READ
0
The microbiome, pharmacogenetics, and privacy
< 1 MIN READ
0
A special issue on nutritional epigenetics
5 MIN READ
0
Retinoic acid + one receptor regulate the genome
3 MIN READ
0
Epigenetics: microRNAs effect an integrative pathway
4 MIN READ
0
Protein isoforms do not evolve
3 MIN READ
0
Tissue type variation and expression of genes
< 1 MIN READ
0
From gut bacteria to breast milk and back
5 MIN READ
0
Chance mutations — not natural selection
5 MIN READ
0
Viruses in gut microbes
4 MIN READ
0
Physics, chemistry, light, and life
2 MIN READ
0
Finding odor and taste receptors everywhere
6 MIN READ
0
Linking the origin of birds to dinosaurs
< 1 MIN READ
0
An epigenetic mark links algae, worms, and flies
2 MIN READ
0
Effect and affect of a single base-pair change
4 MIN READ
0
Tet3 regulation of nutrient-dependent cell type differentiation
4 MIN READ
0
Thermodynamics and protein folding landscapes
2 MIN READ
0
RNA-mediated silencing of a chromosome
3 MIN READ
0
Viruses, proteins, and gut metagenomes do not evolve
< 1 MIN READ
0
Pathology constrains X-linked evolution
2 MIN READ
0
Feedback loops link insects to human brains
2 MIN READ
0
Viruses and cell type differentiation
3 MIN READ
0
RNA-mediated cell types and precision medicine
5 MIN READ
0
DNA Methylation and organized genomes (2)
10 MIN READ
0
DNA Methylation and organized genomes
7 MIN READ
0
Misunderstanding cancer
7 MIN READ
0
Amino acid-dependent cell type differentiation
8 MIN READ
0
Nutrient-dependent RNA interference (2)
4 MIN READ
0
The Darwin Code by Greg Bear
13 MIN READ
0
Nutrient-dependent RNA interference
4 MIN READ
0
Mutisensory integration: watching the paradigm shift
12 MIN READ
0
Origin of life and cancer (1,2,3)
2 MIN READ
0
A genetic variant refutes neo-Darwinism
6 MIN READ
0
MicroRNAs and invasive phenotypes
< 1 MIN READ
0
Silencing genes and serious scientists
3 MIN READ
0
The miRNA/mRNA balance: a suboptimal strategy?
2 MIN READ
0
Nutrient-dependent microRNAs control cell types
6 MIN READ
0
Deeply ingrained thoughts
< 1 MIN READ
0
Graphic misrepresentations of ecological adaptation
2 MIN READ
0
Too many targets for theories
3 MIN READ
0
Methylation maintains cell type differences (2)
2 MIN READ
0
Methylation maintains cell type differences
3 MIN READ
0
Creating nothing but a theory (3)
4 MIN READ
3
Creating nothing but a theory (2)
4 MIN READ
0
Creating nothing but a theory
4 MIN READ
0
Viruses and ecologically adapted animals
2 MIN READ
0
2 genes in 2 species (too expensive and too insignificant)
11 MIN READ
0
The quantum / classical RNA-mediated ‘tipping point’
3 MIN READ
0
Epigenetic effects of soil bacteria on plants
< 1 MIN READ
0
Epigenetic switch links MicroRNAs to RNA-protein interactions
4 MIN READ
0
Quantum correlations/pseudoscience
3 MIN READ
0
Anti-entropic solar energy
5 MIN READ
0
Mimicking claims and ignoring facts
4 MIN READ
0
Correctly modeling life on this planet
3 MIN READ
0
Correctly modeling ecological adaptation
4 MIN READ
0
Behavior (4): All responses are RNA-mediated in birds
4 MIN READ
0
Questions about life’s diversity
21 MIN READ
0
UV-light mutations and gene loss (not gain)
5 MIN READ
0
Virus-driven origin of life
2 MIN READ
0
Luis P. Villarreal tells it like it is
3 MIN READ
0
RNA-directed gene choice
5 MIN READ
0
Walk towards the light
< 1 MIN READ
0
Two types of microRNA are not double agents
2 MIN READ
0
Epigenetics Skeptism
5 MIN READ
0
Assembling yourself: Molecular self / other recognition
4 MIN READ
0
What about birds?
5 MIN READ
0
Virus-driven cell type differentiation
2 MIN READ
0
RNA directed DNA methylation and cell types
4 MIN READ
0
Implicating microRNAs in cancer
2 MIN READ
0
Rejecting what is known about viral microRNAs and nutrient-dependent microRNAs
2 MIN READ
0
Reverse phosphorylation
7 MIN READ
0
RNA-mediated repurposing in microbes and adaptations in primate brains
2 MIN READ
0
RNA-mediated “repurposing” is nutrient-dependent and pheromone-controlled
3 MIN READ
0
RNA-mediated "repurposing" is nutrient-dependent and pheromone-controlled
3 MIN READ
0
From 3-D to epigenetically-effected 4-D genome make-up
5 MIN READ
0
Let there be anti-entropic light (1)
11 MIN READ
0
An epigenetic trap (the prequel)
5 MIN READ
0
Imagining that data historically supports evolutionary theory
7 MIN READ
0
Atheism: Arrogant, useless, and divisive ignorance
7 MIN READ
0
The anti-entropic force of "Nature"
2 MIN READ
0
Nutritional epigenetics, exercise, and immune system integrity
4 MIN READ
0
What if Darwin was not still dead?
2 MIN READ
0
Military combat training to fight disease (2)
3 MIN READ
0
Military combat training to fight disease
3 MIN READ
0
Theoretical physics and molecular biology
5 MIN READ
0
Atoms to ecosystems is not almost a molecular ecology
3 MIN READ
0
Epigenetic effects of viruses on cellular homeostasis (2)
2 MIN READ
0
RNA-mediated epigenetic modification via DNA-methylation
4 MIN READ
0
Quantum physics, quantum biology, and quantum consciousness
4 MIN READ
0
How fast can evolutionary theory be changed?
5 MIN READ
0
Biological energy and a microbiome model of a light-driven time machine
3 MIN READ
0
The biologically-based origin of the mammalian placenta (2)
6 MIN READ
0
Quantum Superpositions: let there be light
4 MIN READ
0
Are viruses microRNAs? (2)
5 MIN READ
0
Are viruses microRNAs?
3 MIN READ
0
Sneaking up from behind (2)
3 MIN READ
0
Sneaking up from behind
4 MIN READ
0
Quantum entanglement, mass, and biomass
4 MIN READ
0
Physicists: Desperate Acts
16 MIN READ
0
An epigenetic trap (the sequel)
10 MIN READ
0
Mute points: most are afraid to mention them
6 MIN READ
0
All of “like kind” (Part 2)
2 MIN READ
0
All of "like kind" in the (bigger) family
6 MIN READ
1
Environment epigenetically shapes the immune system
3 MIN READ
0
Beneficial microbes kill beneficial mutations
4 MIN READ
0
Constrained evolution is ecological adaptation
5 MIN READ
0
A single amino acid substitution differentiates cell types of E. coli
3 MIN READ
0
Unconstrained evolutionary innovability
4 MIN READ
0
RNA-protein interactions reveal biophysical to ecological landscapes
2 MIN READ
0
Mutagenesis: Replacing facts with theories
5 MIN READ
0
ISHE's human ethology group
2 MIN READ
0
Amino acid homeostasis for a Happy New Year!
6 MIN READ
0
Understanding cell type differentiation
3 MIN READ
0
From Hydra to humans vs a Lakatosian research program
4 MIN READ
0
Unified nutritional and molecular mechanisms
9 MIN READ
0
Removing natural selection; reshaping the horse; adjusting evolutionary theory
4 MIN READ
0
Communication, not mutations
2 MIN READ
0
Models by evolutionary biologists are not models
2 MIN READ
0
The future of physics predicts no future for evolutionary theory
3 MIN READ
0
Model organisms: the birds and the bees
3 MIN READ
0
Chemical ecology and RNA-mediated control of DNA loops
< 1 MIN READ
0
Atoms to ecosystems: Evolutionary theory vs the coelacanth
6 MIN READ
0
Jumping back: Science or Pseudoscience? (2)
2 MIN READ
0
Jumping back: Science or Pseudoscience?
6 MIN READ
0
Single-cell level assay of protein biosynthesis and degradation
2 MIN READ
0
Glycine and GnRH: Am I being pedantic?
4 MIN READ
0
Extensive molecular evidence vs ridiculous theories
2 MIN READ
0
Dual genomes: exposing the evolution industry
5 MIN READ
0
One test of bioenergetic health?
2 MIN READ
0
Meaningful dialogue, anonymous fools and idiot minions
4 MIN READ
0
Epigenetic pharmacology and RNA-mediated transciptional landscapes
3 MIN READ
0
RNA-mediated events and "The Theory of Everything"
4 MIN READ
0
Sackler Colloquium: Effects or AFFECTS on Behavior
2 MIN READ
0
Thermodynamic constraints and ecological adaptations sans evolution
6 MIN READ
0
Eliminating correlations from evolutionary ecology
6 MIN READ
0
RNA-mediated species specificity
2 MIN READ
0
Are mutations beneficial?
4 MIN READ
0
The key to science: experimental evidence
5 MIN READ
0
Ecological adaptations reported as evolution in insects and mammals
4 MIN READ
0
There’s a model for that!
5 MIN READ
0
Biologists puzzled by evolved RNAs and decaying DNA
6 MIN READ
0
SNPs and millions of small variations in the human genome
3 MIN READ
0
More than a bag of chemicals?
2 MIN READ
0
Achiral GnRH: no prophesy, just prediction
9 MIN READ
0
Nothing new under the sun, except pseudoscientific nonsense
6 MIN READ
0
Making sense of quotes scattered across disciplines
2 MIN READ
0
Intelligent viruses and cancers?
10 MIN READ
0
Complex behaviors of cell types in cancer
6 MIN READ
0
De novo DNA methylation?
3 MIN READ
0
RNA eclipses the importance of DNA to cell type differentiation
4 MIN READ
0
We need pattern recognition, not proclamations
3 MIN READ
0
Pharmacogenomics
3 MIN READ
0
Sexual differentiation of cell types in plants
2 MIN READ
0
A model of MHC 'evolution'
2 MIN READ
0
From deep time into real time: What evolutionary processes?
10 MIN READ
0
In theory, or supported by experimental evidence?
5 MIN READ
0
It’s cell type differention, not cell fate determination (2)
3 MIN READ
0
Are evolutionary theorists 'nob ends'?
5 MIN READ
2
ALPHA GENOMIX
7 MIN READ
2
No excuses: Creation and the meaning of organismal complexity
7 MIN READ
0
Nutrient-dependent gene duplication in plants (but not animals?)
4 MIN READ
0
Evolutionary theorists justify fear of the Ebola viruses
2 MIN READ
0
Evolutionary theorists and evolutionary theists live under rocks
< 1 MIN READ
0
No understanding of biodiversity
2 MIN READ
0
Understanding physical forces of ecological variation and adaptation
< 1 MIN READ
0
Eliminating evolutionary theory
3 MIN READ
0
Behavioral ecology: please continue to believe in our fantasies
3 MIN READ
0
2014 and 2004 Nobel Prize in Medicine
3 MIN READ
0
RNA-mediated events: chromosomal rearrangements and genomic rearrangements
2 MIN READ
2
How much good can be attributed to social science theories?
< 1 MIN READ
0
RNA-mediated genetic engineering (Part 3)
< 1 MIN READ
0
RNA-mediated genetic engineering (Part 2)
3 MIN READ
0
RNA-mediated genetic engineering
2 MIN READ
0
RNA-mediated events are not a matter of faith
2 MIN READ
0
Color vision refutes the evolutionary dogma of gene duplication
4 MIN READ
0
Unassailable evidence vs assumptions
4 MIN READ
0
Forces of "Nature" limit dissemination of information
4 MIN READ
0
Genomic surveillance ends our world of RNA-mediated ecological adaptations
2 MIN READ
0
Systems biology and memory disorders
3 MIN READ
0
RNA-mediated cell type differentiation and behavior
3 MIN READ
0
Different physical locations and different molecular mechanisms of health and disease
2 MIN READ
0
Metabolism, fixation, health or neurodegerative disorder
2 MIN READ
0
Physics, Chemistry, and Molecular biology (PCMb)
2 MIN READ
0
Physics denied; pseudoscientific nonsense accepted
2 MIN READ
0
Ecological variation and niche construction: 1, 2, 3
6 MIN READ
0
Epigenetically-effected metabolic shifts and ecological adaptations
3 MIN READ
0
Evolving DNA before RNA
4 MIN READ
0
Stop evolutionary theorists. Kill cancers
3 MIN READ
0
Did our adapted mind evolve? (Revisited)
2 MIN READ
0
De novo gene Creation sans evolution of genes via mutations
4 MIN READ
0
Did our adapted mind evolve?
6 MIN READ
0
RNA-directed DNA methylation and RNA-mediated events
5 MIN READ
1
Miracles are not miracles to evolutionary theorists
2 MIN READ
0
Mathematical model: microRNA and epigenetic regulation
2 MIN READ
0
Seemingly futile cycles are not thermodynamically futile
3 MIN READ
0
Do bacterial proteins evolve?
3 MIN READ
0
“Kardashians” in science
< 1 MIN READ
0
Probable changes in connectivity
2 MIN READ
0
New technique used in report of atomic-level ecological adaptations
3 MIN READ
0
Can epigenetic inheritance occur without concurrent changes in morphology AND behavior?
3 MIN READ
0
Memory of repression and memory of behavior (2)
< 1 MIN READ
0
Memory of repression and memory of behavior
2 MIN READ
0
Quantum physics meets Evolutionary Psychology News
2 MIN READ
0
Nutrient-dependent pheromone-controlled exercise-induced physiques
< 1 MIN READ
0
Watching and waiting for more retractions
2 MIN READ
0
RNA-mediated ecological adaptations of teeth
4 MIN READ
0
A molecular visualizer of worthwhile molecular biology
2 MIN READ
0
RNA-mediated species diversification from microbes to primates
3 MIN READ
0
RNA-mediated events found everywhere
2 MIN READ
0
Reseachers think copy number variation is genetically determined
< 1 MIN READ
0
Some neuroscientists think a mutation led to human language development
< 1 MIN READ
0
Genotype, observed phenotype, and distinctly disordered behaviors
3 MIN READ
0
Is the problem an internet echo or Feierman's ethics?
2 MIN READ
0
Behavior (3): All responses are RNA-mediated in bees
3 MIN READ
0
RNA-mediated ecological adaptation is not evolution
2 MIN READ
0
Exploding genomes and chromosomal rearrangements via RNA-mediated events
2 MIN READ
0
Behavior (2): All responses are RNA-mediated not genetically-determined
4 MIN READ
0
Behavior: The first response is RNA-mediated not genetically-determined
3 MIN READ
0
Mechanisms that are not understood increase clarity
4 MIN READ
2
Pattern recognition and conserved receptors (TAARs)
5 MIN READ
0
Nutrient-dependent erythropoiesis and anemia
6 MIN READ
0
Evolutionary heritage or ecological adaptation? Racism versus reality
4 MIN READ
0
A relatively young branch of science called epigenetics
4 MIN READ
0
Insect homology and diversity attributed to mutations
2 MIN READ
0
Biophysically constrained beginnings of RNA and DNA
4 MIN READ
0
Baby talk: More misrepresentations of ecological adaptations
2 MIN READ
0
Comparing divergent model organisms
2 MIN READ
1
A microRNA-mediated mechanism that is epigenetically inherited
2 MIN READ
0
Epimutations: Attacking pseudoscientific dogmas
4 MIN READ
0
Order and disorder: Ecological adaptations not mutations
6 MIN READ
0
microRNAs differentiate neuronal cell types
3 MIN READ
0
microRNAs and species relationships
3 MIN READ
0
Drunks and Monkeys: Pseudoscientific nonsense
2 MIN READ
0
The quantum biology of consciousness
3 MIN READ
0
Behavior is receptor-mediated
10 MIN READ
0
Genes and Race: Human History?
2 MIN READ
0
Soft atheism: a case for Creation
< 1 MIN READ
0
Nutrition, pheromones and cancer (2)
2 MIN READ
0
Ecologically linked adapted ants and brains
2 MIN READ
0
MiRNAs methylation and ecological adaptation sans mutations
2 MIN READ
0
Not focused and self-aggrandizing
2 MIN READ
0
Nutrient-dependent cooperation vs cannibalism (video)
2 MIN READ
0
Another powerful refutation of mutation-initiated natural selection
4 MIN READ
0
The new light of chromosomal rearrangements
3 MIN READ
0
Darwinian theories vs Darwin's facts
2 MIN READ
0
Chromosomal rearrangements and ecological adaptations
4 MIN READ
0
The wrong picture of our evolution
4 MIN READ
0
96 fixed amino acid substitutions, not 96 genes
6 MIN READ
0
Jay R. Feierman
3 MIN READ
0
Don't tell the Creationists
2 MIN READ
0
Targeting a cancer gene
2 MIN READ
0
Alternative splicings (very technical)
2 MIN READ
0
Pulses of olfactory/pheromonal input
2 MIN READ
0
Social experiences epigenetically effect gene networks
2 MIN READ
0
Pheromone-controlled thermodynamics and cancer
2 MIN READ
0
Seeds of life: astrobiological theory and mutations theory
3 MIN READ
0
Your comment is awaiting moderation
2 MIN READ
0
Nutrient-dependent pheromone-controlled stickleback evolution
2 MIN READ
0
Functional coding variants are not mutations
2 MIN READ
0
Understanding the role of mutations and evolution
4 MIN READ
0
Evolution: innovations may have non-adaptive origins (sans mutations)
2 MIN READ
0
Pheromones and cancer
4 MIN READ
0
Are pheromones responsible for human body odour assessment?
2 MIN READ
0
Nutrient-dependent / pheromone-controlled social structure
2 MIN READ
0
A flawed model: no tripartate synapse in the adult brain
3 MIN READ
0
Evolved development of olfactory systems
2 MIN READ
0
Epigenetics and metabolism converge with pheromone production
2 MIN READ
0
Behavioral epigenetics in ecological context
2 MIN READ
0
Epigenetic maintenance of transcription / neuronal migration
2 MIN READ
0
Epigenetics and evolutionary success
< 1 MIN READ
0
Epigenetic effects underlie sexual preferences IV
< 1 MIN READ
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Thinking about what we know (or not)
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A newly discovered hypothalamic neurogenic niche in the brain
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Epigenetic effects underlie sexual preferences II
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One of the clearest examples of epigenetic effects
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Pheromone-induced learning: a NEW model?
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A Dictionary of Animal Behavior, Ecology and Evolution (excerpt)
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Epigenetic effects underlie sexual preferences (duh, and food preferences)
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Epigenetic effects on chromatin and regulatation of gene expression (in Archaea?)
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The genetics myth meets the great pheromone myth
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A key mutational event? That’s not very likely.
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Genetic Influences on Epigenetically Effected Disease
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Disorders of development: altered microRNA / messenger RNA balance
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Human Pheromones: Epigenetic Effects on Hormones and Their Affects on Behavior
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Creation vs Evolution: Expression of a newly found gene
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Evolution at work sans random mutations
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Epistasis: Epigenetic effects of nutrient chemicals and their metabolism to pheromones
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Sex differences in Alzheimer's and everything else
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The logic of gene regulatory networks
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Creating new genes (and controlling diversity)
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Epigenetic effects of viruses on cellular homeostasis
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The same neural mechanisms are at work in worms and humans
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Diet epigenetically effects development of the primate brain
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Human pheromones determine our social behavior (REJECTED)
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Human pheromones: epigenetic effects
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Pheromonemotionally speaking
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Human pheromones: another attempt to change the concept
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Human pheromones and the fusiform fooled you area for face recognition
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The Missing Transgenerational Epigenetic Links
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Society for Social Neuroscience Presentation scheduled 10/11/12
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Epigenetic effects on stochastic gene expression and evolutionary psychology
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Genetic test predicts autism risk
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The Ghost in Your Genes – BBC Horizon
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Embracing galaxy-wide, cellular, and brain complexity
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Insect to human cognition
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More complicated than 1-2-3
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What to do with research results: Warning!
2 MIN READ
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Mischaracterizations of adaptive evolution by psychologists and biologists
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Human pheromones and the epigenetic effects of isolation
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Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance of sexual orientation
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Unconscious affects on incalculable genomic interactions
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Natural selection and the behavior of whole organisms
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Natural Selection and the Complexity of the Genome
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Human pheromones: an epigenetic continuum from microbes to mammals
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Biological facts constrain proponents of random mutations theory
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Pheromones, Reciprocity, and Prosocial Behavior
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Is the language of God the god problem? (1530 words)
6 MIN READ
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The Epigenetics of Drug Development and Cholesterol Levels
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Woefully ignorant politicians and popular science
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Oxytocin improves social behaviors in a girl with an autistic disorder
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Human pheromones and autism spectrum disorders (2)
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Epigenetic alterations due to stress
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Epigenetic effects on the evolution of behavior
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Human pheromones and diet-mediated life-extension
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CB Nemeroff: Off Restriction
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Human pheromones and autism spectrum disorders
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Children’s healthy diets lead to healthier IQ
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Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance via nutrient chemicals
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Human pheromones and IQ via neurogenic and socio-cognitive niche construction
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Human pheromones, nutrition, DNA, epigenetics
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Oxytocin for everything?
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Where is the love?
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Human Pheromones and Comparative Epigenomics
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Smelling the difference between young and old
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Human pheromones and the visual appeal of other people (Part Four)
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A thought experiment
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Human pheromones: Olfaction, odor receptors, learning, memory, mood, brains and behavior
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A nutrient chemical and pheromone-dependent neurogenic niche
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Human Pheromones: The smell of the scientific universe expanding
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Human Pheromones in Socioaffective Neuroscience & Psychology
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Pheromones and the “Bruce effect” in wild or domesticated horses and primates
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Love is a receptor-mediated event: the pervasive influence of the late Robert L. Moss
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Exercise Alters Epigenetics
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How memory works
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Researchers Investigate Epigenetic Patterns In Multiple Conditions
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Genes not culture drive humans forward (an antithetical approach)
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Docosahexaenoic acid and autism: praying for hope, or preying on hope
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Timing is key in the proper wiring of the brain: study
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“Genes (are not) Activated by Sound!”
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Pheromones and falling in love (circa 1974)
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Pheromones, LH, neurogenesis, learning, memory, behavior
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Epigenetic ‘memory’ key to nature versus nurture
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Study results: Human pheromones affect women’s behavior
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Honeybees, food odors, and perfume
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Study results: Human pheromones influence human behavior
2 MIN READ
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Pheromones and sexual behavior in birds
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Wrong measures of attractiveness
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